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Journalists in Indonesia: duties, requirements, competency test, pay and applying safely

Written by KarirAman editorial team Approved by Kaiser Khan (editor), Updated

Journalists find, verify and write news for press companies in Indonesia. Before joining, check that the outlet is listed in Press Council data.

Summary

High scam risk
  • Law 40/1999 on the Press defines a journalist as a person who regularly carries out journalistic activity and requires journalists to follow the Journalism Code of Ethics.
  • The Press Council's 2019 press company standard requires press companies to pay journalists at least the provincial minimum wage (UMP), at least 13 times a year.
  • The journalist competency test (UKW) has three levels, junior, intermediate and senior; candidates must have worked as journalists for at least one year.
  • The Press Council (Dewan Pers) records press companies as administratively or factually verified, which you can check before joining.
  • Press Council Circular 01/SE-DP/IV/2023 bars journalists and press companies from asking anyone for holiday bonuses (THR) or other gifts.
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On this page
  1. What does a journalist do in Indonesia?
  2. How do you become a journalist in Indonesia, and what do you need?
  3. What does a typical journalist job ad in Indonesia ask for?
  4. How much does a journalist earn in Indonesia?
  5. What is the education route to becoming a journalist in Indonesia?
  6. What is the difference between staff journalists, contributors and freelancers?
  7. What safety and legal risks do journalists in Indonesia face?
  8. How do you check a news outlet before joining as a journalist?
  9. What interview questions might you be asked for journalist jobs?
  10. What scams target journalist job seekers in Indonesia?
  11. Where can you find safe journalist jobs in Indonesia?
  12. Which careers are similar?

What does a journalist do in Indonesia?

A journalist (wartawan) finds, verifies and reports information to the public through print, online, TV or radio outlets. Law 40/1999 on the Press, Article 1 point 4, defines a journalist as a person who regularly carries out journalistic activity. A newsroom has reporters who cover stories, editors who edit and decide what runs, and photojournalists and camera operators who supply images.

  • Find and verify information from sources, documents and the scene of events.
  • Interview sources and record what they say accurately.
  • Write news stories, in-depth reports, broadcast scripts or digital news content.
  • Edit copy, check facts and make sure stories are balanced.
  • Take supporting photos or video, especially for online and TV outlets.
  • Join editorial meetings and cover assignments, including outside office hours.
  • Handle right-of-reply and correction requests about published stories.

How do you become a journalist in Indonesia, and what do you need?

There is no state licence to work as a journalist. Law 40/1999 Article 7 says journalists are free to choose their journalists' organisation and must have and follow the Journalism Code of Ethics. Press companies usually ask for a bachelor's degree and writing samples. The competency test (UKW) comes after you start: candidates must have worked as journalists for at least one year under Press Council Regulation 03/Peraturan-DP/XI/2023.

What does a typical journalist job ad in Indonesia ask for?

Journalist ads usually state the type of outlet, the beat such as business, law or regional news, the coverage area and the skills wanted, such as fast writing or video. The description below is our own summary of common ad patterns, not a vacancy from any outlet. A genuine ad names the press company, the newsroom address, the employment status and how fees or salary are paid.

General example, not a vacancy

We wrote this description ourselves from what job ads usually ask for. It is not a vacancy from any company.

Commonly requested requirements

  • A bachelor's degree, often in communication or journalism, or in a field that fits the beat.
  • Able to write good, fast news Indonesian.
  • Writing samples, clips or a portfolio.
  • Willing to report in the field and work to tight deadlines.
  • For regional reporting, some ads ask for a driving licence and your own vehicle.

Skills

News writing, Interviewing, Fact-checking, Journalism ethics, Editing, Document research, Basic photo and video, Deadline management, Reporting safety.

Ministry of Manpower Circular M/6/HK.04/V/2025 bars employers from discriminating on any basis in recruitment. An age requirement is allowed only where the nature of the job genuinely affects ability and it does not remove the chance of work, and the same applies to workers with disabilities. Law 13/2003 Articles 5 and 6 guarantee equal opportunity and treatment without discrimination. JDIH Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan JDIH BPK RI (peraturan.bpk.go.id)

How much does a journalist earn in Indonesia?

Journalist pay varies by outlet, city and employment status. Article 14 of the Press Council's press company standard (Regulation 03/Peraturan-DP/X/2019) requires pay for journalists and staff of at least the provincial minimum wage, at least 13 times a year. Where a regency or city sets a UMK, that is the applicable minimum, since a UMK is set only when higher than the UMP (Government Regulation 51/2023). The table below shows an ad-based range from one platform, not an official average.

Journalist: available pay data (as of 8 October 2026)
Data Figure Notes
Pay range in KarirAman verified vacancies Not enough data yet (n < 30)
Range in Jobstreet job ads, not an official average IDR 4,384,000 to IDR 5,637,000 gross or net not stated; per month Typical range (25th to 75th percentile, with the median in between) of full-time monthly pay that employers listed in Jobstreet ads for journalists, read on 8 October 2026. Jobstreet does not state the number of ads, the ad period, or whether figures are gross or net; some include allowances. Its regional figures look modelled, and the site's Wartawan (reporter) page gives a different, narrower and lower range, so treat this as a rough guide. These are advertised figures, not an official average, and they do not cover contributors' per-story fees. Some ads offer less than the local minimum wage (UMK), although the Press Council's press company standard requires journalists' pay of at least the provincial minimum wage; always check the minimum wage where you work. Jobstreet Indonesia
Average net wage of employees, Publishing and telecommunications (BPS Sakernas May 2026) IDR 5,242,975 reference for the Publishing and telecommunications sector, not specific to this career; net (after deductions) Badan Pusat Statistik
Minimum wage (UMP/UMK) as the floor IDR 2,317,601 to IDR 5,729,876 Lowest 2026 UMP IDR 2,317,601 (West Java), highest IDR 5,729,876 (Jakarta) Micro and small businesses are exempt from the minimum wage rules; pay there is set by agreement and still has a legal floor. Kementerian Hukum RI (peraturan.go.id)

Check your city's minimum wage (2026) Work out your take-home pay How we handle salary data

What is the education route to becoming a journalist in Indonesia?

A common route is a bachelor's degree in communication or journalism, but graduates in law, economics or science are also needed for specialist beats. Once working, journalists are assessed through the UKW at assessment bodies appointed by the Press Council. Under the 2023 competency standard, these can be journalists' organisations, journalism training institutions, press companies or universities with a journalism programme.

What is the difference between staff journalists, contributors and freelancers?

Staff journalists are employees of a press company, while contributors and freelancers are often paid per story or per assignment. The 2023 competency standard accepts freelance journalists as UKW candidates with a recommendation from a journalists' organisation that is a Press Council constituent. For journalists and staff, Article 20 of the press company standard requires health and employment insurance. Get a written agreement on fees, payment dates and reporting costs.

Legal status: the Labour Protection Law was approved by the DPR and the Government on 6 October 2026 but has not been promulgated and its text is not public. Until it takes effect, the rules on this page apply.

Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat RI (emedia); Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan RI

What safety and legal risks do journalists in Indonesia face?

Journalists can face violence, seizure of equipment or legal action over stories. Law 40/1999 Article 8 guarantees journalists legal protection, and the Press Council's 2008 protection standard requires press companies to give journalists sent to dangerous areas an assignment letter, safety equipment and insurance. Objections to a story go to the Press Council, which under Article 15 handles public complaints about news coverage.

How do you check a news outlet before joining as a journalist?

Checking a press company before you join helps you confirm that it is a legal entity, listed by the Press Council and clear about pay. Do this before you sign anything.

  1. Open the press company data page on the Press Council (Dewan Pers) website and search for the outlet that is recruiting you.
  2. Check its status: administratively verified or factually verified.
  3. Match the legal entity, responsible editor and newsroom address with what the outlet publishes, then check the legal entity on AHU.
  4. Ask about your status, employee, contributor or freelancer, and get a written agreement on fees and reporting costs.
  5. Refuse to pay for a press card, a uniform or a bureau fee.
  6. If you face violence while reporting or are pressed to break the Journalism Code of Ethics, complain to the Press Council and your journalists' organisation.

What interview questions might you be asked for journalist jobs?

Interview questions for journalist jobs often cover your portfolio and your role in each piece, taking feedback, assessing results against a brief, using creative work responsibly, and juggling several projects. Each example below comes with why it is asked and how to answer it. The Ministry of Manpower warns that an instant chat interview without formal confirmation is one sign of a fake job.

Republika (official statement via media)

General examples written by KarirAman, not questions from any particular company. How to practise: read the question, answer it out loud, then open the guidance to compare.

Questions for this field

Can you walk me through your portfolio and your role in each piece?

Why they ask: In creative work, your portfolio is the main proof of skill.

How to answer: Pick three to five pieces that fit the vacancy, explain the part you did yourself and the results where you have them.

How do you handle revisions or criticism of your work?

Why they ask: Revisions are a normal part of creative work.

How to answer: Describe clarifying what the feedback means, agreeing priorities and deadlines, then revising without taking it personally.

How do you measure whether content or a campaign worked?

Why they ask: Companies want measurable results, not just good-looking work.

How to answer: Name the goal you set at the start, the measures you tracked such as reach, engagement or sales, and what you learned.

How do you follow trends without breaking copyright or platform rules?

Why they ask: Copyright or platform breaches can get accounts blocked.

How to answer: Explain that you use your own or licensed material, give credit and check platform rules before posting.

How do you juggle several projects with different deadlines?

Why they ask: Creative workers often handle many clients or campaigns at once.

How to answer: Describe your work calendar, how you set priorities and how you warn people early when a deadline must move.

Common questions that also come up (12 questions)

  • Tell me about yourself.

    Answer in about a minute: where you are now in work or study, two experiences that matter for this job, then why you applied. Personal matters such as family status are not needed.

  • Why did you apply to this company?

    Mention one or two real things you learned from the company's official website, such as its business or services, and link them to your skills.

  • Why are you interested in this role?

    Pick two tasks from the job advert, describe similar things you have done, and say which part you most want to grow in.

  • What are your strengths?

    Name one or two strengths and give short proof: the situation, what you did and the result.

  • What is your weakness?

    Choose a real weakness that is not central to the job, then explain what you are doing to improve it.

  • Tell me about a problem at work or school that you solved.

    Use the STAR pattern: Situation, Task, Action, Result. Focus on what you yourself did and what you learned.

  • How do you work in a team, including when people disagree?

    Give a real example of listening, explaining your view politely and finding a solution everyone accepted.

  • How do you handle pressure or tight deadlines?

    Explain how you set priorities, such as a task list or checking with your supervisor, and give one example of the outcome.

  • Where do you see yourself in two or three years?

    Mention the skills you want to master and the responsibility you hope to take on, without promising things you cannot know.

  • What salary do you expect?

    First research the pay range for the role and the local minimum wage where you would work. Give a range, then ask whether the figure is gross or net and which allowances apply.

  • When can you start?

    Give a realistic date. If you are still employed, mention the notice period in your current contract so you do not break it.

  • Do you have any questions for us?

    Ask about the contract type, working hours, base pay and allowances, the next selection step and when results are announced. Ask for the offer in writing.

Warning signs in interviews (6)

  • The interview happens only by WhatsApp or Telegram chat with no formal invitation, or you are pushed to be interviewed on the spot.

    What to do: Ask for a written invitation from a company-domain e-mail address, then match the contact with the official website you look up yourself.

    Republika (official statement via media)Kompas TV (official statement via media)detikFinance

  • You are asked to pay for a test, a psychological test, a medical check-up, training or a uniform, or to book tickets and a hotel through an appointed agent with a promise of reimbursement.

    What to do: Do not transfer anything. The Ministry of Manpower says legitimate recruitment does not charge applicants.

    Kompas TV (official statement via media)Republika (official statement via media)Koran Jakarta (official statement via media)PT Bank Central Asia Tbk (BCA)

  • The interview is held in a hotel room, a private house or another closed place that is not an office, or the location keeps changing. An invitation to stay overnight, or any sexual demand, as a condition for being hired or for renewing a contract is also a warning sign.

    What to do: Ask for the interview at the office or a public place, tell someone close to you where you are, and leave if you feel unsafe. Sexual demands can be reported to the police or the local manpower office (Disnaker). If you are in danger, call the police.

    Koran Jakarta (official statement via media)detikBali (detik.com) (official statement via media)Medcom.id (official statement via media)

  • You are asked for a photo of your KTP or family card, a selfie holding your ID, your bank account number, an OTP code, a PIN or a password before any written job offer.

    What to do: Do not send them. OJK says never to give an OTP, PIN or password to anyone, and identity data can be misused for illegal online loans.

    Kompas TV (official statement via media)Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (Sekretariat Satgas PASTI)Koran Jakarta (official statement via media)

  • The interview invitation arrives as an app file (APK) or a link that asks you to install an app.

    What to do: Do not open it. OJK and Kominfo warn that fake APK files can read SMS messages with OTP codes and then drain bank accounts.

    CNN Indonesia (official statement via media)

  • After the interview you are asked to hand over your original diploma or other original personal documents as a guarantee for the job.

    What to do: Ministry of Manpower Circular M/5/HK.04.00/V/2025 bars employers from requiring or holding original diplomas and personal documents as a guarantee for the job. The only exception is a diploma or competency certificate from education or training paid for by the employer under a written employment agreement, and the employer must keep it safe and compensate you if it is damaged or lost. Otherwise, show them for checking, then take them home.

    Dinas Tenaga Kerja Kota Batam (meneruskan SE Menteri Ketenagakerjaan RI)

In danger or held at an interview location? Call the police:

See all interview questions Build an ATS CV Write a cover letter

What scams target journalist job seekers in Indonesia?

Red flags: being asked to pay for a press card or bureau chief post, which the Ministry of Manpower says is almost certainly fraud; contributor jobs paid only from ads you sell; and people posing as journalists to demand money. Press Council Circular 01/SE-DP/IV/2023 warns that requests for holiday bonuses or parcels in the name of the press may be an abuse of the profession. Check the outlet's status in the Press Council data.

Warning signs in journalist job ads

  • You are asked to pay for a press card, a journalist ID or a bureau chief post; the Ministry of Manpower says a recruitment fee is almost certainly fraud.Republika (official statement via media)
  • A journalist or contributor post is paid only from ads you must sell yourself; the press company standard separates editorial work from business management.Dewan Pers (JDIH Dewan Pers)
  • The outlet does not openly publish its name, address and responsible editor, although Law 40/1999 Article 12 requires it.Kementerian Hukum RI (peraturan.go.id)
  • The outlet's name or logo imitates a government or law-enforcement body, or it displays the Press Council logo; journalists at such outlets do not qualify as UKW candidates (2023 competency standard).Dewan Pers (JDIH Dewan Pers)
  • You are told to ask sources for money, holiday bonuses or parcels in the outlet's name; the Press Council prohibits this.Dewan Pers (JDIH Dewan Pers)
  • You are sent to a dangerous area without an assignment letter, safety equipment and insurance from the press company.Dewan Pers (JDIH Dewan Pers)
  • Someone sells UKW certificates or cards, although the test is run by bodies appointed by the Press Council and the certificate is issued by the Press Council.Dewan Pers (JDIH Dewan Pers)

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Where can you find safe journalist jobs in Indonesia?

Safe journalist vacancies are usually posted on a press company's own website or official accounts, campus job fairs and the Ministry of Manpower's Karirhub. Before applying, search for the outlet in the Press Council's press company data and make sure its legal entity and responsible editor are published in the outlet. The four journalists' organisations that are Press Council constituents can also confirm. KarirAman does not yet list any verified journalist vacancies.

No verified vacancies for this role yet

We only list vacancies we have checked. In the meantime, look for jobs on these official channels.

Which careers are similar?

See other careers in Creative and media

Frequently asked questions

Do journalists in Indonesia need to pass the UKW before getting a job?

No. Press Council Regulation 03/Peraturan-DP/XI/2023 requires UKW candidates to have worked as journalists for at least one year, with a valid press card and work published in the last three months. The test is run by assessment bodies appointed by the Press Council, which issues the certificate. The press company standard requires editors-in-chief to hold senior (utama) competency.

How long does it take to move from junior to senior journalist level?

On the 2023 standard's regular route, a junior journalist may sit the intermediate test at least three years after being declared competent, and an intermediate journalist the senior test at least two years after. A candidate not yet competent may retake after six months at the earliest. A special senior route (Utama Khusus) is open to journalists aged 50 or over with 25 years' experience. An accelerated senior UKW, for journalists aged 42 or over with 10 years' experience among other conditions, runs under Press Council Regulation 4/Peraturan-DP/X/2025, valid one year from 30 October 2025.

Can a contributor be told to sell ads to get paid?

Article 10 of the Press Council's 2019 press company standard says editorial managers or staff must be different from business managers, and Article 14 requires press companies to pay journalists and staff at least the provincial minimum wage. A journalist post paid only from ads you sell yourself does not meet that standard. Get the fee per story or the salary in writing before you start.

How do I check whether an Indonesian news outlet is legitimate?

Open the press company data page on the Press Council website and search for the outlet; its status is either administratively verified or factually verified. Match the legal entity and responsible editor with what the outlet publishes, because Law 40/1999 Article 12 requires press companies to publish their name, address and responsible editor openly. An outlet that is not yet listed is not necessarily illegal, but ask why before you join.

What should I do if someone claiming to be a journalist asks for money?

Press Council Circular 01/SE-DP/IV/2023 says requests for holiday bonuses, goods, donations or parcels by people acting in the name of the press may be an abuse of the profession, bars journalists from asking anyone for THR or other gifts, and asks the public to report such requests to the Press Council. If the request comes with threats, report it to the police as well.

What protection does a journalist sent to a dangerous area have?

The Press Council's 2008 standard on protecting journalists says journalists given special assignments in dangerous or conflict areas must be given an assignment letter, adequate safety equipment, insurance and the relevant knowledge and skills by their press company. The same standard protects journalists from violence and seizure of their equipment and bars owners from forcing journalists to break the code of ethics.

Who wrote and reviewed this page?

Written by KarirAman editorial team Published Updated

Prepared with AI assistance. Checked against official sources and approved for publication by Kaiser Khan (editor). Approval date: .

Sources

The facts on this page come from these sources. Dates show when we opened them.

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How to cite

KarirAman (2026). Journalists in Indonesia: duties, requirements, competency test, pay and applying safely. Updated 8 October 2026. https://kariraman.com/en/careers/journalist/

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Change log
  • : New page: duties, the Press Law, the code of ethics, the UKW test, Press Council data, employment status, safety and recruitment red flags at outlets.